Including the anaesthetic and stay in the recovery area , this procedure normally takes 1.5 - 2 hours.

Most patients will have a spinal anaesthetic (via a needle into the back) and some sedation so that they are unaware of what is happening. Sometimes it may be necessary to have a general anaesthetic.

An incision is made down the front of the knee (the size of this is dependent on the area being replaced). The arthritic bone is removed and the surfaces are replaced with metal and plastic. Local anaesthetic is placed around the knee to minimise post-operative pain.

The skin incision is repaired with an absorbable suture and skin glue. A dressing is placed over the wound, incase there is any bleeding, and a bandage is applied to limit swelling.

Most patients are relatively comfortable when they return to the ward and will be encouraged to use the knee straight away. It is safe to walk on the knee immediately and the physiotherapists will advise on how to do so safely. Some patients may also benefit from using the hydrotherapy pool after their operation.

The usual inpatient length of stay is 1 night only. 

The bandage is usually removed before going home.

Patients are usually reviewed at 2 weeks (to ensure the wound is healed), 6 weeks (to ensure motion is returning) and 3 months (to ensure function is good). Swelling is part of the healing process and can limit progression in the early weeks. As this decreases, pain will usually reduce and movement will become easier.